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Evaluation of synthetic post-transcription regulatory sequences reveals design principle to enhance mRNA stability and translation efficiency.

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Τίτλος: Evaluation of synthetic post-transcription regulatory sequences reveals design principle to enhance mRNA stability and translation efficiency.
Συγγραφείς: Zhang JP; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China., Mei ZL; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China., Ren JW; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China.; National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, PR China., Zhang XM; School of Life Science and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China., Gong JS; School of Life Science and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China., Xu GQ; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China.; National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, PR China., Li H; School of Life Science and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China., Zhang XJ; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China.; National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, PR China., Xu ZH; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China.; College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, 24 Southern Yihuan, Chengdu, 610065, PR China.
Πηγή: Synthetic and systems biotechnology [Synth Syst Biotechnol] 2025 Dec 08; Vol. 12, pp. 160-171. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Dec 08 (Print Publication: 2026).
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: KeAi Communications Co Country of Publication: China NLM ID: 101694371 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2405-805X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 2405805X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Synth Syst Biotechnol Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: [Beijing, China] : KeAi Communications Co., [2016]-
Περίληψη: The Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence and its adjacent flanking regions, including the translation standby site (TSS) and the N-terminal coding sequence (NCS), play critical roles in regulating ribosome recruitment, translation efficiency, and mRNA stability against RNase degradation. However, structure-activity relationships governing these regions remain poorly characterized, and their functional interplay introduces substantial complexity. In this study, we employed one-pot technology to build a post-transcriptional regulatory component (PTRC) library of 576 variants to clarify the relationship between sequence variants and both protein expression and mRNA levels via high-throughput sequencing. Our results show that although unstructured TSSs do not enhance mRNA stability, they markedly increase translation efficiency, causing a 16 %-100 % rise in protein expression. In contrast, structured TSSs increase mRNA levels by 43 %-90 %. Additionally, highly conserved SD sequences boost translation efficiency by up to 10 % and mRNA abundance by up to 12 %. Moreover, it was found that optimized linear N-terminal coding sequence (NCS) positively affects protein expression and mRNA levels. The effects of these optimized regulatory components were verified in the expression control of the nrk and sam2 genes, resulting in enhanced production. These findings underscore the crucial role of structural optimization, guiding the rational design of synthetic post-transcriptional regulatory elements.
(© 2025 The Authors.)
Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Feb 23;107(8):3645-50. (PMID: 20133581)
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Science. 2009 Apr 10;324(5924):255-8. (PMID: 19359587)
ACS Synth Biol. 2021 Sep 17;10(9):2331-2339. (PMID: 34449215)
Biopolymers. 1974 Nov;13(11):2367-83. (PMID: 4429788)
J Mol Biol. 2001 Oct 12;313(1):215-28. (PMID: 11601857)
Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj. 2017 Nov;1861(11 Pt B):3060-3069. (PMID: 28315412)
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Aug 20;110(34):14024-9. (PMID: 23924614)
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Mol Microbiol. 1992 May;6(9):1105-14. (PMID: 1375309)
J Mol Biol. 1994 Apr 29;238(2):145-58. (PMID: 8158645)
J Comput Chem. 2011 Jan 15;32(1):170-3. (PMID: 20645303)
Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 Feb;42(4):2646-59. (PMID: 24234441)
Nature. 2026 Feb;650(8103):1035-1044. (PMID: 41535463)
Nat Chem Biol. 2021 Jul;17(7):828-836. (PMID: 34155402)
ACS Synth Biol. 2020 May 15;9(5):1051-1058. (PMID: 32302094)
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2019 Jan 31;35(2):33. (PMID: 30706208)
J Am Chem Soc. 2016 Jun 8;138(22):7016-23. (PMID: 27199273)
Trends Biotechnol. 2006 Feb;24(2):53-5. (PMID: 16406119)
Nat Commun. 2024 Nov 6;15(1):9601. (PMID: 39505899)
ACS Synth Biol. 2021 Feb 19;10(2):318-332. (PMID: 33464822)
EMBO J. 1990 Apr;9(4):1259-66. (PMID: 1691096)
ACS Synth Biol. 2022 Aug 19;11(8):2726-2740. (PMID: 35877551)
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Biopolymers. 2004 Jan;73(1):16-26. (PMID: 14691936)
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Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Apr 11;18(7):1711-8. (PMID: 2110654)
Science. 2013 Oct 25;342(6157):475-9. (PMID: 24072823)
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 Jun-Jul;1829(6-7):491-513. (PMID: 23545199)
FEMS Microbiol Rev. 1999 Jun;23(3):353-70. (PMID: 10371038)
Nat Commun. 2022 Jan 21;13(1):434. (PMID: 35064117)
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Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Jan;43(1):13-28. (PMID: 25505165)
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ACS Synth Biol. 2018 Sep 21;7(9):2177-2188. (PMID: 30064211)
Cell. 2010 Apr 16;141(2):344-54. (PMID: 20403328)
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Mar;85(5):1364-8. (PMID: 2449689)
Nucleic Acids Res. 2013 Jan 7;41(1):474-86. (PMID: 23093605)
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005 Jul;71(7):4101-3. (PMID: 16000826)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: 5′ mRNA; Transcript abundance; Translation efficiency
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20251229 Date Completed: 20251229 Latest Revision: 20260926
Update Code: 20260926
PubMed Central ID: PMC12743556
DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2025.11.011
PMID: 41459189
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: Evaluation of synthetic post-transcription regulatory sequences reveals design principle to enhance mRNA stability and translation efficiency.
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  Data: The Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence and its adjacent flanking regions, including the translation standby site (TSS) and the N-terminal coding sequence (NCS), play critical roles in regulating ribosome recruitment, translation efficiency, and mRNA stability against RNase degradation. However, structure-activity relationships governing these regions remain poorly characterized, and their functional interplay introduces substantial complexity. In this study, we employed one-pot technology to build a post-transcriptional regulatory component (PTRC) library of 576 variants to clarify the relationship between sequence variants and both protein expression and mRNA levels via high-throughput sequencing. Our results show that although unstructured TSSs do not enhance mRNA stability, they markedly increase translation efficiency, causing a 16 %-100 % rise in protein expression. In contrast, structured TSSs increase mRNA levels by 43 %-90 %. Additionally, highly conserved SD sequences boost translation efficiency by up to 10 % and mRNA abundance by up to 12 %. Moreover, it was found that optimized linear N-terminal coding sequence (NCS) positively affects protein expression and mRNA levels. The effects of these optimized regulatory components were verified in the expression control of the nrk and sam2 genes, resulting in enhanced production. These findings underscore the crucial role of structural optimization, guiding the rational design of synthetic post-transcriptional regulatory elements.<br /> (© 2025 The Authors.)
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  Data: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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(PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2237951459%22">37951459)</searchLink><br />Science. 2009 Apr 10;324(5924):255-8. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2219359587%22">19359587)</searchLink><br />ACS Synth Biol. 2021 Sep 17;10(9):2331-2339. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2234449215%22">34449215)</searchLink><br />Biopolymers. 1974 Nov;13(11):2367-83. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%224429788%22">4429788)</searchLink><br />J Mol Biol. 2001 Oct 12;313(1):215-28. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2211601857%22">11601857)</searchLink><br />Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj. 2017 Nov;1861(11 Pt B):3060-3069. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2228315412%22">28315412)</searchLink><br />Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Aug 20;110(34):14024-9. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2223924614%22">23924614)</searchLink><br />Metab Eng. 2019 Sep;55:131-141. 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(PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2220645303%22">20645303)</searchLink><br />Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 Feb;42(4):2646-59. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2224234441%22">24234441)</searchLink><br />Nature. 2026 Feb;650(8103):1035-1044. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2241535463%22">41535463)</searchLink><br />Nat Chem Biol. 2021 Jul;17(7):828-836. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2234155402%22">34155402)</searchLink><br />ACS Synth Biol. 2020 May 15;9(5):1051-1058. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2232302094%22">32302094)</searchLink><br />World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2019 Jan 31;35(2):33. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2230706208%22">30706208)</searchLink><br />J Am Chem Soc. 2016 Jun 8;138(22):7016-23. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2227199273%22">27199273)</searchLink><br />Trends Biotechnol. 2006 Feb;24(2):53-5. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2216406119%22">16406119)</searchLink><br />Nat Commun. 2024 Nov 6;15(1):9601. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2239505899%22">39505899)</searchLink><br />ACS Synth Biol. 2021 Feb 19;10(2):318-332. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2233464822%22">33464822)</searchLink><br />EMBO J. 1990 Apr;9(4):1259-66. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%221691096%22">1691096)</searchLink><br />ACS Synth Biol. 2022 Aug 19;11(8):2726-2740. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2235877551%22">35877551)</searchLink><br />ACS Synth Biol. 2021 Feb 19;10(2):265-276. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2233464830%22">33464830)</searchLink><br />Biopolymers. 2004 Jan;73(1):16-26. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2214691936%22">14691936)</searchLink><br />Synth Syst Biotechnol. 2017 Oct 19;2(4):295-301. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2229552654%22">29552654)</searchLink><br />Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Apr 11;18(7):1711-8. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%222110654%22">2110654)</searchLink><br />Science. 2013 Oct 25;342(6157):475-9. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2224072823%22">24072823)</searchLink><br />Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 Jun-Jul;1829(6-7):491-513. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2223545199%22">23545199)</searchLink><br />FEMS Microbiol Rev. 1999 Jun;23(3):353-70. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210371038%22">10371038)</searchLink><br />Nat Commun. 2022 Jan 21;13(1):434. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2235064117%22">35064117)</searchLink><br />ACS Synth Biol. 2021 Jan 15;10(1):38-48. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2233382575%22">33382575)</searchLink><br />Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Jan;43(1):13-28. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2225505165%22">25505165)</searchLink><br />Cell. 2014 Apr 24;157(3):624-35. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2224766808%22">24766808)</searchLink><br />J Mol Biol. 2010 Oct 8;402(5):905-18. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2220727358%22">20727358)</searchLink><br />Mol Microbiol. 2010 Aug;77(4):958-71. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2220572937%22">20572937)</searchLink><br />Nat Biotechnol. 2009 Oct;27(10):946-50. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2219801975%22">19801975)</searchLink><br />ACS Synth Biol. 2018 Sep 21;7(9):2177-2188. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2230064211%22">30064211)</searchLink><br />Cell. 2010 Apr 16;141(2):344-54. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2220403328%22">20403328)</searchLink><br />Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Mar;85(5):1364-8. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%222449689%22">2449689)</searchLink><br />Nucleic Acids Res. 2013 Jan 7;41(1):474-86. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2223093605%22">23093605)</searchLink><br />Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005 Jul;71(7):4101-3. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2216000826%22">16000826)</searchLink>
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              M: 12
              Text: 2025 Dec 08
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-electronic
              Value: 2405-805X
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 12
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Synthetic and systems biotechnology
              Type: main
ResultId 1