Academic Journal
Integrative assessment of Azorean Daucus: contributions to an integrative assessment of Daucus carota subsp. azoricus Franco in the Azores.
| Τίτλος: | Integrative assessment of Azorean Daucus: contributions to an integrative assessment of Daucus carota subsp. azoricus Franco in the Azores. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Roxo G; Departamento de Biologia, CIBIO-Azores, Universidade Dos Açores, Rua Mãe de Deus 58, Apartado 1422, Ponta Delgada, 9501-801, Portugal. guilherme.g.roxo@uac.pt.; BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO Centro de Investigação Em Biodiversidade E Recursos Genéticos, Campus de Vairão, Vairão, 4485-661, Portugal. guilherme.g.roxo@uac.pt., Vaz A; Departamento de Biologia, CIBIO-Azores, Universidade Dos Açores, Rua Mãe de Deus 58, Apartado 1422, Ponta Delgada, 9501-801, Portugal.; BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO Centro de Investigação Em Biodiversidade E Recursos Genéticos, Campus de Vairão, Vairão, 4485-661, Portugal., Dias EF; Departamento de Biologia, CIBIO-Azores, Universidade Dos Açores, Rua Mãe de Deus 58, Apartado 1422, Ponta Delgada, 9501-801, Portugal.; BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO Centro de Investigação Em Biodiversidade E Recursos Genéticos, Campus de Vairão, Vairão, 4485-661, Portugal., Silva L; Departamento de Biologia, CIBIO-Azores, Universidade Dos Açores, Rua Mãe de Deus 58, Apartado 1422, Ponta Delgada, 9501-801, Portugal.; BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO Centro de Investigação Em Biodiversidade E Recursos Genéticos, Campus de Vairão, Vairão, 4485-661, Portugal., Carine M; Natural History Museum, London, UK., McCartney AM; Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA., Rego RM; Departamento de Biologia, CIBIO-Azores, Universidade Dos Açores, Rua Mãe de Deus 58, Apartado 1422, Ponta Delgada, 9501-801, Portugal.; BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO Centro de Investigação Em Biodiversidade E Recursos Genéticos, Campus de Vairão, Vairão, 4485-661, Portugal., Talhinhas P; Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Associate Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, Lisbon, 1349-017, Portugal., Romeiras MM; Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Associate Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, Lisbon, 1349-017, Portugal., Zidorn C; Pharmazeutisches Institut, Abteilung Pharmazeutische Biologie, Christian-Albrechts- Universität Zu Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, Kiel, 24118, Germany., Resendes R; Departamento de Biologia, CIBIO-Azores, Universidade Dos Açores, Rua Mãe de Deus 58, Apartado 1422, Ponta Delgada, 9501-801, Portugal.; BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO Centro de Investigação Em Biodiversidade E Recursos Genéticos, Campus de Vairão, Vairão, 4485-661, Portugal., Moura M; Departamento de Biologia, CIBIO-Azores, Universidade Dos Açores, Rua Mãe de Deus 58, Apartado 1422, Ponta Delgada, 9501-801, Portugal.; BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO Centro de Investigação Em Biodiversidade E Recursos Genéticos, Campus de Vairão, Vairão, 4485-661, Portugal. |
| Πηγή: | BMC plant biology [BMC Plant Biol] 2025 Dec 01; Vol. 26 (1), pp. 24. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Dec 01. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100967807 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2229 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712229 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Plant Biol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2001- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Daucus carota*/genetics , Daucus carota*/classification , Daucus carota*/anatomy & histology, Azores ; Phylogeny ; Haplotypes ; Genetic Variation |
| Περίληψη: | Background: The Azorean carrot, Daucus carota subsp. azoricus Franco, has long been considered an endemic subspecies, yet its distinctiveness from other members of the D. carota complex remains debated. Diagnostic traits proposed by Franco (1971) are often inconsistent in the field, and molecular evidence has questioned whether the taxon represents a true native or a more recent introduction. Results: Our integrative analyses combining molecular (ITS, COS), cytogenetic, morphological, and ecological data revealed no clear phylogenetic, morphological or cytogenetic differentiation between Azorean accessions. The convergence of umbel diameters when grown in identical environments and the variation as a continuum observed in the morphometric analyses when the subspecific identification was imposed suggests that at least some morphological variation observed in the field is environmentally induced rather than genetically fixed. Molecular analyses placed Azorean accessions within the broader D. carota complex. Nonetheless, the presence of 12 exclusive haplotypes to archipelago, of which one seems to be an ancestral haplotype, suggests long-term persistence and local diversification rather than a solely recent introduction, even in the context of centuries of reproduction with the cultivated carrot. Conclusion: Azorean Daucus is best interpreted as part of the D. carota complex, showing signals of gene flow and plasticity, but the gaps in our study did not enable us to distinguish it at the subspecific level. Moreover, the lack of morphological data from islands beyond São Miguel limits broader comparisons, underscoring the need for more comprehensive morphological, genomic, and comparative sampling across Mediterranean and Macaronesian populations. Until such data are available, it is perhaps most appropriate to regard Azorean Daucus carota as a native lineage, whose precise taxonomic circumscription remains to be clarified. (© 2025. The Author(s).) |
| Competing Interests: | Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The appropriate permits and licences were obtained for the collection of plant materials during this research (Lic. Nº CCIR-RAA/2023/14). Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. |
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| Grant Information: | 2023.01064.BD Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT); UIDB/50027/2020 National funds through FCT; UIDB/04129/2020 LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Unit at ISA-ULisboa; CVAgrobiodiversity/333111699 Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) and the Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN); ACORES-01-0145-FEDER-000007 co-financing from FEDER (85%) and regional funds (15%) under the Azores 2020 Operational Programme, as part of the eAZFlora project; MAC2/4.6d/386 INTERREG MAC 2014-2020 Cooperation Programme |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Daucus carota complex; Evolution; Morphology; Phylogenetic analysis; Wild Carrots |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20251201 Date Completed: 20260106 Latest Revision: 20260108 |
| Update Code: | 20260130 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC12771825 |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s12870-025-07767-1 |
| PMID: | 41327002 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
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