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Diffusion Model-Based Design of Bionic Bone Scaffolds with Tunable Microstructures.

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Τίτλος: Diffusion Model-Based Design of Bionic Bone Scaffolds with Tunable Microstructures.
Συγγραφείς: Chen J; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China.; Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China., Shen S; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China. swshen@ustc.edu.cn.; Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China. swshen@ustc.edu.cn., Xu L; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China.; Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China., Zheng Z; Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrument, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China., Zou X; School of Nano Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, China., Ye M; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China.; Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China., Zhang C; First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China., Liu H; First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China., Yao P; School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China. yaopeng@ustc.edu.cn., Xu RX; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China. xux@ustc.edu.cn.; Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China. xux@ustc.edu.cn.; Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrument, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China. xux@ustc.edu.cn.
Πηγή: Annals of biomedical engineering [Ann Biomed Eng] 2025 Dec; Vol. 53 (12), pp. 3285-3301. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 29.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Springer Science + Business Media Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0361512 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1573-9686 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00906964 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Ann Biomed Eng Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: 2005- : New York : Springer Science + Business Media
Original Publication: New York, Academic Press.
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Tissue Scaffolds*/chemistry , Cancellous Bone*/diagnostic imaging , Models, Biological*, Animals ; Swine ; X-Ray Microtomography ; Printing, Three-Dimensional ; Porosity
Περίληψη: Purpose: In the clinical treatment of bone defects that exceed the critical size threshold, traditional methods using metal fixation devices, autografts, and allografts exhibit significant limitations. Meanwhile, bone scaffolds with minimal risks of secondary injury, low immune rejection are emerging as a promising alternative. The effective design of porosity, pore size, and trabecular thickness in bone scaffolds is critical; however, current strategies often struggle to optimally balance these parameters. Here, we propose a bionic bone scaffold design method that mimics multiple properties of natural cancellous bone using a diffusion model.
Methods: First, we develop a classifier-free conditional diffusion model and train it on a Micro-CT (μCT) image dataset of porcine vertebral cancellous bone. The training model can produce personalized 2-dimensional images of natural-like bone with tunable microstructures. Subsequently, we stack images layer by layer to form 3-dimensional scaffolds, mimicking the CT/μCT image reconstruction process. Finally, computational fluid dynamics analysis is conducted to validate the scaffold models' fluid properties, while bioresin bone scaffold samples are 3D-printed for mechanical testing and biocompatibility assessment.
Results: The three key morphological parameters of the generated images-porosity (50-70%), pore size (468-936 μm), and trabecular thickness (156-312 μm)-can be precisely and independently controlled. Fluid simulation and mechanical testing confirm scaffolds' robust performance in permeability (10⁻⁹ to 10⁻⁸ m2), average fluid shear stress (0.1-0.3 Pa), Young's modulus (14-fold adjustable range), compressive strength (9-fold adjustable range), and viscoelastic properties. The scaffolds also exhibit good biocompatibility, meeting the basic requirements for clinical implantation.
Conclusion: These promising results highlight the potential of our method for the personalized design of scaffolds to effectively repair large bone defects.
(© 2025. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Biomedical Engineering Society.)
Competing Interests: Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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Grant Information: Grant No. 2022YFA1104802 Key Technologies Research and Development Program; Grant No. 2022YFA1104803 Key Technologies Research and Development Program
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Artificial bone scaffold; Bone defect; Conditional diffusion model; Personalized treatment
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20250930 Date Completed: 20251208 Latest Revision: 20251208
Update Code: 20260130
DOI: 10.1007/s10439-025-03847-3
PMID: 41023345
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:1573-9686
DOI:10.1007/s10439-025-03847-3