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The gateway (mis)belief model: How misinformation impacts perceptions of scientific consensus and attitudes towards climate change.

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Τίτλος: The gateway (mis)belief model: How misinformation impacts perceptions of scientific consensus and attitudes towards climate change.
Συγγραφείς: Logemann HT; Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK., Rode JB; Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK., Maertens R; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., van der Linden S; Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Πηγή: British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953) [Br J Psychol] 2026 Sep; Vol. 117 Suppl 1, pp. S137-S156. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 01.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0373124 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2044-8295 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00071269 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Br J Psychol Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: 2011- : West Sussex, England : Wiley-Blackwell
Original Publication: London ; New York : Cambridge University Press, [1953]-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Climate Change* , Communication* , Consensus* , Attitude*, Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Young Adult ; Models, Psychological
Περίληψη: Climate change is one of the greatest threats to humanity, necessitating immediate action to combat its consequences. Although there is a nearly unanimous scientific consensus that climate change is human-caused, misinformation doubting its causes continues to circulate widely. In this study, we test the Gateway (mis)Belief Model (GmBM) which assumes that misinformation affects perceived scientific consensus negatively, which then cascades down to lower support for public action to mitigate climate change via changes in key beliefs about the issue. We present a reanalysis of data from two online studies in which U.S. participants (N1 = 207, N2 = 755) were exposed to misinformation using a pre-post mixed design manipulating assessments of the scientific consensus on climate change. Results showed that misinformation indeed leads to lower estimations of scientific consensus, which cascade down to lower support for public action via corresponding beliefs. However, the pattern of significance of direct effects did not exactly replicate those in the original GBM, though misinformation still had negative direct (Experiments 1-2) and indirect effects (Experiment 2) on several downstream climate outcomes. These findings are further affirmed by an internal meta-analysis. Overall, this study highlights the negative impact of misinformation on climate attitudes and policy support.
(© 2025 The Author(s). British Journal of Psychology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The British Psychological Society.)
References: J Appl Soc Psychol. 2022 Jan;52(1):15-29. (PMID: 34511636)
Sci Adv. 2024 Feb 9;10(6):eadj5778. (PMID: 38324680)
Am Psychol. 2025 Sep;80(6):867-878. (PMID: 39666498)
Risk Anal. 2014 May;34(5):937-48. (PMID: 24219420)
Commun Psychol. 2024 Jan 5;2(1):4. (PMID: 39242724)
PLoS One. 2017 May 5;12(5):e0175799. (PMID: 28475576)
Br J Psychol. 2014 Feb;105(1):35-56. (PMID: 24387095)
Glob Chall. 2017 Jan 23;1(2):1600008. (PMID: 31565263)
Annu Rev Public Health. 2021 Apr 1;42:1-21. (PMID: 33355475)
Behav Res Methods. 2007 May;39(2):175-91. (PMID: 17695343)
Psychol Sci. 2022 Dec;33(12):1989-2008. (PMID: 36242521)
PLoS One. 2018 Jul 6;13(7):e0200295. (PMID: 29979762)
Am Psychol. 2021 Jan;76(1):130-144. (PMID: 32202817)
Sci Commun. 2023 Apr;45(2):145-171. (PMID: 38603421)
Nat Commun. 2025 Mar 11;16(1):2062. (PMID: 40069544)
Curr Opin Psychol. 2022 Aug;46:101390. (PMID: 35802986)
Res Synth Methods. 2024 Nov;15(6):872-895. (PMID: 39138520)
PLoS One. 2015 Feb 25;10(2):e0118489. (PMID: 25714347)
Curr Opin Psychol. 2022 Oct;47:101364. (PMID: 35728357)
J Exp Psychol Appl. 2016 Mar;22(1):24-38. (PMID: 26752513)
Nat Hum Behav. 2024 Oct;8(10):1892-1905. (PMID: 39187712)
Curr Opin Psychol. 2021 Dec;42:7-12. (PMID: 33609913)
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Jul 6;107(27):12107-9. (PMID: 20566872)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: climate change; gateway belief model; misinformation; perceived scientific consensus
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20250902 Date Completed: 20260904 Latest Revision: 20260906
Update Code: 20260906
PubMed Central ID: PMC13543325
DOI: 10.1111/bjop.70022
PMID: 40890974
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: The gateway (mis)belief model: How misinformation impacts perceptions of scientific consensus and attitudes towards climate change.
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  Data: Climate change is one of the greatest threats to humanity, necessitating immediate action to combat its consequences. Although there is a nearly unanimous scientific consensus that climate change is human-caused, misinformation doubting its causes continues to circulate widely. In this study, we test the Gateway (mis)Belief Model (GmBM) which assumes that misinformation affects perceived scientific consensus negatively, which then cascades down to lower support for public action to mitigate climate change via changes in key beliefs about the issue. We present a reanalysis of data from two online studies in which U.S. participants (N<subscript>1</subscript> = 207, N<subscript>2</subscript> = 755) were exposed to misinformation using a pre-post mixed design manipulating assessments of the scientific consensus on climate change. Results showed that misinformation indeed leads to lower estimations of scientific consensus, which cascade down to lower support for public action via corresponding beliefs. However, the pattern of significance of direct effects did not exactly replicate those in the original GBM, though misinformation still had negative direct (Experiments 1-2) and indirect effects (Experiment 2) on several downstream climate outcomes. These findings are further affirmed by an internal meta-analysis. Overall, this study highlights the negative impact of misinformation on climate attitudes and policy support.<br /> (© 2025 The Author(s). British Journal of Psychology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The British Psychological Society.)
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  Data: J Appl Soc Psychol. 2022 Jan;52(1):15-29. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2234511636%22">34511636)</searchLink><br />Sci Adv. 2024 Feb 9;10(6):eadj5778. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2238324680%22">38324680)</searchLink><br />Am Psychol. 2025 Sep;80(6):867-878. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2239666498%22">39666498)</searchLink><br />Risk Anal. 2014 May;34(5):937-48. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2224219420%22">24219420)</searchLink><br />Commun Psychol. 2024 Jan 5;2(1):4. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2239242724%22">39242724)</searchLink><br />PLoS One. 2017 May 5;12(5):e0175799. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2228475576%22">28475576)</searchLink><br />Br J Psychol. 2014 Feb;105(1):35-56. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2224387095%22">24387095)</searchLink><br />Glob Chall. 2017 Jan 23;1(2):1600008. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2231565263%22">31565263)</searchLink><br />Annu Rev Public Health. 2021 Apr 1;42:1-21. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2233355475%22">33355475)</searchLink><br />Behav Res Methods. 2007 May;39(2):175-91. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2217695343%22">17695343)</searchLink><br />Psychol Sci. 2022 Dec;33(12):1989-2008. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2236242521%22">36242521)</searchLink><br />PLoS One. 2018 Jul 6;13(7):e0200295. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2229979762%22">29979762)</searchLink><br />Am Psychol. 2021 Jan;76(1):130-144. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2232202817%22">32202817)</searchLink><br />Sci Commun. 2023 Apr;45(2):145-171. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2238603421%22">38603421)</searchLink><br />Nat Commun. 2025 Mar 11;16(1):2062. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2240069544%22">40069544)</searchLink><br />Curr Opin Psychol. 2022 Aug;46:101390. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2235802986%22">35802986)</searchLink><br />Res Synth Methods. 2024 Nov;15(6):872-895. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2239138520%22">39138520)</searchLink><br />PLoS One. 2015 Feb 25;10(2):e0118489. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2225714347%22">25714347)</searchLink><br />Curr Opin Psychol. 2022 Oct;47:101364. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2235728357%22">35728357)</searchLink><br />J Exp Psychol Appl. 2016 Mar;22(1):24-38. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2226752513%22">26752513)</searchLink><br />Nat Hum Behav. 2024 Oct;8(10):1892-1905. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2239187712%22">39187712)</searchLink><br />Curr Opin Psychol. 2021 Dec;42:7-12. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2233609913%22">33609913)</searchLink><br />Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Jul 6;107(27):12107-9. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2220566872%22">20566872)</searchLink>
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