Academic Journal
Insurance status and psychological distress during the 2007 to 2009 U.S. recession: A novel integrative data analysis approach.
| Τίτλος: | Insurance status and psychological distress during the 2007 to 2009 U.S. recession: A novel integrative data analysis approach. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Bakos L; University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA. |
| Πηγή: | The International journal of social psychiatry [Int J Soc Psychiatry] 2026 Mar; Vol. 72 (2), pp. 325-333. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Aug 30. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Sage Publications Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0374726 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1741-2854 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00207640 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Soc Psychiatry Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: <2002->: London : Sage Publications Original Publication: London Avenue Publishing Co |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Economic Recession*/statistics & numerical data , Insurance Coverage*/statistics & numerical data , Insurance, Health*/statistics & numerical data , Stress, Psychological*/epidemiology , Psychological Distress*, United States/epidemiology ; Depression/epidemiology ; Anxiety/epidemiology ; Medically Uninsured/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System ; Young Adult ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Adolescent ; Aged |
| Περίληψη: | Background: The 2007 to 2009 U.S. economic recession was associated with widespread job loss, housing instability, and rising mental health challenges. While previous studies have linked economic downturns to psychological distress, limited research has examined how health insurance status modifies this relationship during and after a recession. Aims: This study investigated changes in psychological distress (PD) among U.S. adults before, during, and after the 2007 to 2009 recession and examined whether insurance status mediated the relationship between economic hardship and PD. Methods: Using Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data from 2007, 2009, 2012, and 2013, the study applied an integrative data analysis (IDA) framework to construct composite demographic profiles and approximate longitudinal trends. Structural equation modeling (SEM), including exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, panel modeling, and mediation analysis, was used to examine PD trends and the influence of insurance coverage and income. Results: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses confirmed a two-factor structure of PD: depression and anxiety symptoms. From 2007 to 2009, PD remained stable, but levels improved between 2009 and 2012. Higher uninsured rates significantly increased PD, with a 1% increase in the uninsured population resulting in a 17.4% rise in PD. Mediation analysis showed that limited access to mental health treatment partially explained the relationship between being uninsured and increased distress. Conclusion: Health insurance status plays a critical role in moderating psychological distress during economic downturns. Expanding insurance coverage and integrating mental health services into economic recovery efforts may mitigate long-term mental health consequences of financial crises. |
| References: | J Health Econ. 2013 Dec;32(6):1090-104. (PMID: 24113241) Psychol Med. 2012 Jul;42(7):1441-8. (PMID: 22099861) Am J Public Health. 2011 Dec;101(12):2293-8. (PMID: 22021301) Int J Health Serv. 2011;41(3):459-82. (PMID: 21842573) Psychiatr Serv. 2015 Jun;66(6):578-84. (PMID: 25726980) Exp Aging Res. 1992 Autumn-Winter;18(3-4):117-44. (PMID: 1459160) Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003 Feb;60(2):184-9. (PMID: 12578436) PLoS One. 2017 Dec 27;12(12):e0189676. (PMID: 29281696) JAMA. 2000 Nov 22-29;284(20):2606-10. (PMID: 11086367) Psychiatr Serv. 2010 Mar;61(3):250-7. (PMID: 20194401) Stat Sci. 2010 Feb 1;25(1):1-21. (PMID: 20871802) Psychol Methods. 2009 Jun;14(2):81-100. (PMID: 19485623) Popul Health Metr. 2014 Mar 24;12(1):5. (PMID: 24661401) Psychometrika. 2010 Jun;75(2):243-248. (PMID: 20640194) Int J Epidemiol. 2014 Oct;43(5):1508-17. (PMID: 24942142) Int J Methods Psychiatr Res. 2012 Jun;21(2):88-97. (PMID: 22351472) Am J Prev Med. 2015 Aug;49(2):238-47. (PMID: 25935503) Inquiry. 2015 Dec 09;52:. (PMID: 26655685) JAMA Intern Med. 2013 Feb 25;173(4):315-7. (PMID: 23303245) Qual Life Res. 1994 Oct;3(5):365-71. (PMID: 7841969) BMJ. 2012 Aug 13;345:e5142. (PMID: 22893569) Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2009 Oct;66(10):1090-8. (PMID: 19805699) |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Kessler-6; Psychological distress; insurance status; integrative data analysis; mental health access; recession; structural equation modeling |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20250831 Date Completed: 20260306 Latest Revision: 20260813 |
| Update Code: | 20260813 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC12946215 |
| DOI: | 10.1177/00207640251358330 |
| PMID: | 40886035 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
καταχωρήστε σχόλιο πρώτοι!