Academic Journal
Reproductive milestones, use of menopausal hormone therapy, and risk of hearing loss: A life course study of 214 327 women.
| Τίτλος: | Reproductive milestones, use of menopausal hormone therapy, and risk of hearing loss: A life course study of 214 327 women. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Fu C; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China., Wang Q; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China., Hao W; Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China., Virani SS; The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan., Barth C; Division for Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway., Zhu D; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China. Electronic address: dongshan.zhu@uq.net.au. |
| Πηγή: | Maturitas [Maturitas] 2025 Oct; Vol. 201, pp. 108685. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Aug 08. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press Country of Publication: Ireland NLM ID: 7807333 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-4111 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03785122 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Maturitas Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: Limerick : Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press Original Publication: Amsterdam, Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press. |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Hearing Loss*/epidemiology , Hearing Loss*/etiology , Estrogen Replacement Therapy*/adverse effects , Hormone Replacement Therapy*/adverse effects , Menopause*, United Kingdom/epidemiology ; Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Longitudinal Studies ; Aged ; Risk Factors ; Parity ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Age Factors ; Menopause, Premature |
| Περίληψη: | Objectives: The associations between female reproductive milestones, use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), and the risk of hearing loss remain unclear. This study explored these associations and the potential mediating pathways. Methods: This longitudinal study used data from the UK Biobank. The sample comprised 214,327 women aged 40-69 years without hearing loss at baseline and without diagnosis of the condition in the first five years of follow-up. Adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were used, along with sensitivity analyses, assessments of dose-response relationships, and joint effect analyses. The mediating roles of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes were also investigated. Results: Over a mean follow-up of 13.42 years, 5106 women developed hearing loss. Higher parity (≥4 children; HR 1.29, 95 % CI 1.14-1.46), premature menopause (<40 years; 1.27, 1.14-1.41), both shorter (≤30 years; 1.12, 1.02-1.22) and longer (≥45 years; 1.16, 1.01-1.32) reproductive lifespans were associated with an increased risk of hearing loss. Surgical menopause (2.71, 2.39-3.07) and natural menopause (2.49, 2.25-2.75) showed higher risk compared with pre-menopause. MHT use was associated with increased risk of hearing loss in women with typical-age natural menopause, but not in those with premature or late menopause (although point estimates were above 1 the 95 % CI included 1). CVD mediated 46.07 % of the association between parity and hearing loss, and 19.61 % of the association between early menopause and hearing loss. Conclusion: Reproductive factors (such as parity and age at menopause) may influence the risk of hearing loss in women. These findings suggest that reproductive history should be incorporated into hearing health assessments, and integrated health strategies addressing both reproductive and metabolic health may help mitigate the risk of hearing loss in women. (Copyright © 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.) |
| Competing Interests: | Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing interest. |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Hearing loss; Hormone replacement therapy; Menopause; Parity |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20250810 Date Completed: 20250917 Latest Revision: 20250917 |
| Update Code: | 20260130 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.maturitas.2025.108685 |
| PMID: | 40784076 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
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