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Influence of real-world cue exposure and mood states on drinking: testing neurobiological models of alcohol use disorder.

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Title: Influence of real-world cue exposure and mood states on drinking: testing neurobiological models of alcohol use disorder.
Authors: Meredith LR; Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Baskerville WA; Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Lee C; Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Grodin EN; Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Wassum KM; Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.; Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Ray LA; Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. lararay@psych.ucla.edu.; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. lararay@psych.ucla.edu.; Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. lararay@psych.ucla.edu.
Source: Psychopharmacology [Psychopharmacology (Berl)] 2025 Aug; Vol. 242 (8), pp. 1727-1739. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Feb 10.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Language: English
Journal Info: Publisher: Springer-Verlag Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 7608025 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1432-2072 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00333158 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Psychopharmacology (Berl) Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Berlin, New York, Springer-Verlag.
MeSH Terms: Affect*/physiology , Alcohol Drinking*/psychology , Alcoholism*/psychology , Alcoholism*/physiopathology , Cues*, Craving/physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies
Abstract: Rationale: Two prominent neurobiological models of addiction, the allostatic and incentive-sensitization models, have guided clinical research on alcohol use disorder (AUD). While these models are often viewed in isolation, it is plausible these theories are complimentary.
Objectives: Use naturalistic, daily diary reports to determine whether positive and negative mood states influence alcohol cue sensitivity in a clinical sample with AUD.
Methods: This is an exploratory analysis of daily diary data collected from a non-treatment seeking sample with current AUD over two weeks. Eligible adult participants (N = 50) were enrolled in a medication trial for AUD. Each morning, participants retrospectively reported on pre-drinking mood states, alcohol cue exposure, and craving levels, and subsequent alcohol intake occurring the previous day. Multilevel models tested the singular and interactive relationships between cue exposure and mood states with craving and drinking. Within-person and between-person outcomes were assessed. Exploratory analyses examined whether individuals with withdrawal-related dysphoria were more vulnerable to mood states and cue-reactivity.
Results: Greater cue exposure was associated with higher daily drinking levels (p = .001), but not daily alcohol craving. Higher negative mood (p < .0001) and lower positive mood (p = .012) were associated with higher daily alcohol craving, but not same-day drinking. As negative mood levels increased (p < .01) and positive mood levels decreased (p = .010), the relationship between cue exposure and same-day drinking became stronger. These findings were most pronounced among those with withdrawal-related dysphoria.
Conclusions: Findings provided concomitant support for the allostatic model and incentive-sensitization model as determinants of alcohol craving and drinking among individuals with AUD.
(© 2025. The Author(s).)
Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethical approval: All study procedures involving human participants were approved by the University of California, Los Angeles Institutional Review Board and in accordance with institutional ethical standards. All participants received a full study explanation and provided written informed consent before completing study procedures. Competing interests: LAR has received study medication from Pfizer and MediciNova and has consulted for GSK and Guidepoint. Authors have no other competing interests to declare. Conflicts of interest: LAR has received study medication from Pfizer and MediciNova and has consulted for GSK and Guidepoint. Authors report no other conflicts of interest.
Comments: Erratum in: Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2025 Aug;242(8):1741. doi: 10.1007/s00213-025-06769-z.. (PMID: 40032780)
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Grant Information: F31AA029295 United States AA NIAAA NIH HHS; P50 DA005010 United States DA NIDA NIH HHS; K24 AA025704 United States AA NIAAA NIH HHS; K24AA025704 United States AA NIAAA NIH HHS; P50 DA005010-33 United States DA NIDA NIH HHS; F31 AA029295 United States AA NIAAA NIH HHS
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Alcohol use disorder; Allostatic; Cue exposure; Daily diary; Incentive-sensitization; Naturalistic reporting; Negative emotionality
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20250209 Date Completed: 20250725 Latest Revision: 20250730
Update Code: 20260130
PubMed Central ID: PMC12296835
DOI: 10.1007/s00213-025-06752-8
PMID: 39924613
Database: MEDLINE
Description
ISSN:1432-2072
DOI:10.1007/s00213-025-06752-8