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Impact of the Good Samaritan Law on bystander intervention willingness and perceived legal risks in India.

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Τίτλος: Impact of the Good Samaritan Law on bystander intervention willingness and perceived legal risks in India.
Συγγραφείς: Kewalramani D; From the Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery (D.K., R.L.C., D.W., A.T., C.P., Z.E., J.H., G.L.P., M.N.), Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey; SaveLIFE Foundation (K.R., G.S., P.T.), Delhi, India; and Departments of Surgery (P.S.B.) and Medicine (P.S.B.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York., Choron RL, Whitley D, Teichman A, Raina K, Singh G, Piplani C, Englert Z, Hanna J, Peck GL, Barie PS, Tewari P, Narayan M
Πηγή: The journal of trauma and acute care surgery [J Trauma Acute Care Surg] 2025 Feb 01; Vol. 98 (2), pp. 228-235. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jan 06.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article; Observational Study
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101570622 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2163-0763 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 21630755 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Trauma Acute Care Surg Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Hagerstown, MD : Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Accidents, Traffic*/legislation & jurisprudence , Accidents, Traffic*/psychology , Liability, Legal*, Humans ; India ; Male ; Female ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
Περίληψη: Background: Road traffic crashes (RTCs) are a global health burden, particularly in India, where response times for first responders can be prolonged. Prior to enactment of a Good Samaritan Law (GSL) in 2016, involved bystanders could face criminal and financial liability for assisting at an RTC site. This study evaluates the impact of GSL on bystander RTC attitudes, awareness, and experiences in India, comparing outcomes pre- and post-GSL implementation across metropolitan cities (MCs) and nonmetropolitan cities (NMCs). We hypothesized that GSL would lead to increased bystander willingness to assist the RTC victim.
Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional, observational study analyzed data from two national surveys conducted in 2013 (pre-GSL, n = 1,027) and 2018 (post-GSL, n = 3,667) across 7 and 11 Indian cities, respectively. Difference-in-difference analysis, propensity score matching, and regression models were used to assess changes in willingness to assist RTC victims, awareness of GSL, legal and financial fears, and awareness of GSL.
Results: Post-GSL implementation saw an increase in willingness to assist RTC victims (Δ = +65.4%, p < 0.001) and substantial decreases in fear regarding legal (Δ = -81%, p < 0.001) and financial consequences (Δ = -75.8%, p < 0.001) of rendering assistance. GSL awareness was higher in NMCs (n = 2,215, 31.2%) compared with MCs (n = 838, 9.25%) among general citizens ( p < 0.001). Males showed higher willingness to assist RTC victims ( p < 0.01), whereas individuals with postgraduate education demonstrated increased awareness of GSL ( p < 0.01).
Conclusion: The implementation of GSL in India has transformed bystander intervention in RTCs, increasing the reported likelihood of assistance and substantially reducing legal and financial concerns. This shift demonstrates GSL's potential to improve outcomes for RTC victims. However, disparities in awareness between MCs and NMCs, as well as sex- and education-based differences, highlight the need for targeted educational campaigns. Future initiatives should focus on improving application of the law and strengthening the entire trauma chain of survival.
Level of Evidence: Prognostic and Epidemiological; Level III.
(Copyright © 2025 American Association for the Surgery of Trauma.)
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Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20250106 Date Completed: 20250127 Latest Revision: 20260501
Update Code: 20260502
DOI: 10.1097/TA.0000000000004525
PMID: 39760664
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:2163-0763
DOI:10.1097/TA.0000000000004525