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The impact of Streptococcus mutans biofilms on the color stability and topographical features of three lithium disilicate ceramics.

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Τίτλος: The impact of Streptococcus mutans biofilms on the color stability and topographical features of three lithium disilicate ceramics.
Συγγραφείς: Balhaddad AA; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia., Al Otaibi AM; Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia., Alotaibi KS; College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia., Al-Zain AO; Restorative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Ismail EH; Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Al-Dulaijan YA; Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia., Alalawi H; Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia., Al-Thobity AM; Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Πηγή: Journal of prosthodontics : official journal of the American College of Prosthodontists [J Prosthodont] 2026 Oct; Vol. 35 (8), pp. 1304-1311. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 31.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9301275 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1532-849X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1059941X NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Prosthodont Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
Original Publication: Philadelphia, PA : W.B. Saunders Co., c1992-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Biofilms*/growth & development , Streptococcus mutans*/physiology , Streptococcus mutans*/growth & development , Dental Porcelain*/chemistry , Ceramics*/chemistry, Surface Properties ; Color ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Materials Testing ; Humans ; Spectrophotometry
Περίληψη: Purpose: Secondary caries around ceramic restorations is the most common reason for the replacement of fixed dental prostheses (FDPs). Therefore, it is important to examine the susceptibility of different ceramic materials to biofilm formation. This study aimed to evaluate biofilm development and associated roughness and color alterations in three lithium disilicate ceramics: Emax CAD (EC), Emax Press (EP), and LiSi Press (LP).
Materials and Methods: Streptococcus mutans biofilms were grown on the three ceramics (n = 10 per group) for 7 days. Surface roughness values and color alteration were assessed before and after the biofilm using a non-contact profilometer and spectrophotometer, respectively. Biofilm growth was evaluated using colony-forming units (CFUs) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests.
Results: There was a significant (p ≤ 0.001) growth of S. mutans colonies on EC (6.75 ± 0.56) and EP (6.72 ± 0.54) specimens compared to LP, which showed no biofilm growth. The change in average surface roughness (∆Ra, nm) was significantly lower (p < 0.001) in the EC specimens (0.029 ± 0.003) compared to the EP (0.055 ± 0.012) and LP (0.041 ± 0.010). When the changes in the Rv and Rt values were investigated, no significant difference was observed among the groups. Following the biofilm challenge, the change in color (∆E00) was significantly lower (p = 0.005) in the LP group (1.68 ± 1.45) compared to the EC group (3.89 ± 1.50) and no significant difference was observed between the EP group (2.74 ± 1.01) and the other two ceramics (p ≥ 0.05).
Conclusion: LP ceramics exhibited superior resistance to S. mutans biofilm formation and associated changes in surface roughness and color compared to the Emax CAD and Emax Press ceramics. These findings suggest that the LiSi Press material may be more favorable to mitigate the risk of secondary caries.
(© 2024 by the American College of Prosthodontists.)
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Grant Information: PNURSP2024R350 Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers; Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: CAD‐CAM; bacterial adhesion; caries; lithium disilicate; surface roughness
Substance Nomenclature: 12001-21-7 (Dental Porcelain)
0 (lithia disilicate)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20240831 Date Completed: 20261006 Latest Revision: 20261006
Update Code: 20261006
DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13944
PMID: 39215619
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: The impact of Streptococcus mutans biofilms on the color stability and topographical features of three lithium disilicate ceramics.
– Name: Author
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Balhaddad+AA%22&quot;&gt;Balhaddad AA&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Al+Otaibi+AM%22&quot;&gt;Al Otaibi AM&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Alotaibi+KS%22&quot;&gt;Alotaibi KS&lt;/searchLink&gt;; College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Al-Zain+AO%22&quot;&gt;Al-Zain AO&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Restorative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Ismail+EH%22&quot;&gt;Ismail EH&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Al-Dulaijan+YA%22&quot;&gt;Al-Dulaijan YA&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Alalawi+H%22&quot;&gt;Alalawi H&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Al-Thobity+AM%22&quot;&gt;Al-Thobity AM&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%229301275%22&quot;&gt;Journal of prosthodontics : official journal of the American College of Prosthodontists&lt;/searchLink&gt; [J Prosthodont] 2026 Oct; Vol. 35 (8), pp. 1304-1311. &lt;i&gt;Date of Electronic Publication: &lt;/i&gt;2024 Aug 31.
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Publication&lt;/i&gt;: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;Original Publication&lt;/i&gt;: Philadelphia, PA : W.B. Saunders Co., c1992-
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Biofilms%22&quot;&gt;Biofilms*&lt;/searchLink&gt;/&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Biofilms+growth+%26+development%22&quot;&gt;growth &amp; development&lt;/searchLink&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Streptococcus+mutans%22&quot;&gt;Streptococcus mutans*&lt;/searchLink&gt;/&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Streptococcus+mutans+physiology%22&quot;&gt;physiology&lt;/searchLink&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Streptococcus+mutans%22&quot;&gt;Streptococcus mutans*&lt;/searchLink&gt;/&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Streptococcus+mutans+growth+%26+development%22&quot;&gt;growth &amp; development&lt;/searchLink&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Dental+Porcelain%22&quot;&gt;Dental Porcelain*&lt;/searchLink&gt;/&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Dental+Porcelain+chemistry%22&quot;&gt;chemistry&lt;/searchLink&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Ceramics%22&quot;&gt;Ceramics*&lt;/searchLink&gt;/&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Ceramics+chemistry%22&quot;&gt;chemistry&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Surface+Properties%22&quot;&gt;Surface Properties&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Color%22&quot;&gt;Color&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Microscopy%2C+Electron%2C+Scanning%22&quot;&gt;Microscopy, Electron, Scanning&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Materials+Testing%22&quot;&gt;Materials Testing&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Humans%22&quot;&gt;Humans&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Spectrophotometry%22&quot;&gt;Spectrophotometry&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Purpose: Secondary caries around ceramic restorations is the most common reason for the replacement of fixed dental prostheses (FDPs). Therefore, it is important to examine the susceptibility of different ceramic materials to biofilm formation. This study aimed to evaluate biofilm development and associated roughness and color alterations in three lithium disilicate ceramics: Emax CAD (EC), Emax Press (EP), and LiSi Press (LP).&lt;br /&gt;Materials and Methods: Streptococcus mutans biofilms were grown on the three ceramics (n = 10 per group) for 7 days. Surface roughness values and color alteration were assessed before and after the biofilm using a non-contact profilometer and spectrophotometer, respectively. Biofilm growth was evaluated using colony-forming units (CFUs) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests.&lt;br /&gt;Results: There was a significant (p&#160;≤&#160;0.001) growth of S. mutans colonies on EC (6.75 &#177; 0.56) and EP (6.72 &#177; 0.54) specimens compared to LP, which showed no biofilm growth. The change in average surface roughness (∆R&lt;subscript&gt;a&lt;/subscript&gt;, nm) was significantly lower (p &amp;lt; 0.001) in the EC specimens (0.029 &#177; 0.003) compared to the EP (0.055 &#177; 0.012) and LP (0.041 &#177; 0.010). When the changes in the R&lt;subscript&gt;v&lt;/subscript&gt; and R&lt;subscript&gt;t&lt;/subscript&gt; values were investigated, no significant difference was observed among the groups. Following the biofilm challenge, the change in color (∆E&lt;subscript&gt;00&lt;/subscript&gt;) was significantly lower (p = 0.005) in the LP group (1.68 &#177; 1.45) compared to the EC group (3.89 &#177; 1.50) and no significant difference was observed between the EP group (2.74&#160;&#177;&#160;1.01) and the other two ceramics (p ≥ 0.05).&lt;br /&gt;Conclusion: LP ceramics exhibited superior resistance to S. mutans biofilm formation and associated changes in surface roughness and color compared to the Emax CAD and Emax Press ceramics. These findings suggest that the LiSi Press material may be more favorable to mitigate the risk of secondary caries.&lt;br /&gt; (&#169; 2024 by the American College of Prosthodontists.)
– Name: Ref
  Label: References
  Group: RefInfo
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– Name: GrantInfo
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  Group: Grant
  Data: PNURSP2024R350 Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers; Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University
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  Group:
  Data: &lt;i&gt;Keywords: &lt;/i&gt;CAD‐CAM; bacterial adhesion; caries; lithium disilicate; surface roughness
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  Data: 12001-21-7 (Dental Porcelain)&lt;br /&gt;0 (lithia disilicate)
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  Label: Entry Date(s)
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Date Created: &lt;/i&gt;20240831 &lt;i&gt;Date Completed: &lt;/i&gt;20261006 &lt;i&gt;Latest Revision: &lt;/i&gt;20261006
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  Data: 10.1111/jopr.13944
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  Data: 39215619
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  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/jopr.13944
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        StartPage: 1304
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Surface Properties
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Color
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Materials Testing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Humans
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Spectrophotometry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Biofilms growth & development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Streptococcus mutans physiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Streptococcus mutans growth & development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dental Porcelain chemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ceramics chemistry
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: The impact of Streptococcus mutans biofilms on the color stability and topographical features of three lithium disilicate ceramics.
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            – D: 01
              M: 10
              Text: 2026 Oct
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-electronic
              Value: 1532-849X
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            – TitleFull: Journal of prosthodontics : official journal of the American College of Prosthodontists
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