Deep-mantle krypton reveals Earth's early accretion of carbonaceous matter.

Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Τίτλος:	Deep-mantle krypton reveals Earth's early accretion of carbonaceous matter.
Συγγραφείς:	Péron S; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA. scperon@ucdavis.edu., Mukhopadhyay S; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA., Kurz MD; Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA., Graham DW; College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
Πηγή:	Nature [Nature] 2021 Dec; Vol. 600 (7889), pp. 462-467. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Dec 15.
Τύπος έκδοσης:	Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Γλώσσα:	English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού:	Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0410462 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1476-4687 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00280836 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nature Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s):	Publication: Basingstoke : Nature Publishing Group Original Publication: London, Macmillan Journals ltd.
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH):	Earth, Planet* , Evolution, Planetary, Carbon/analysis , Geologic Sediments/chemistry , Krypton/analysis, Atmosphere/chemistry ; Helium/analysis ; Isotopes/analysis ; Neon/analysis ; Nitrogen/analysis ; Tungsten/analysis ; Xenon/analysis ; Ecuador ; Evolution, Chemical ; Iceland ; Meteoroids ; Neutrons
Περίληψη:	Establishing when, and from where, carbon, nitrogen and water were delivered to Earth is a fundamental objective in understanding the origin of habitable planets such as Earth. Yet, volatile delivery to Earth remains controversial^1-5. Krypton isotopes provide insights on volatile delivery owing to their substantial isotopic variations among sources^6-10, although pervasive atmospheric contamination has hampered analytical efforts. Here we present the full suite of krypton isotopes from the deep mantle of the Galápagos and Iceland plumes, which have the most primitive helium, neon and tungsten isotopic compositions^11-16. Except for ⁸⁶Kr, the krypton isotopic compositions are similar to a mixture of chondritic and atmospheric krypton. These results suggest early accretion of carbonaceous material by proto-Earth and rule out any combination of hydrodynamic loss with outgassing of the deep or shallow mantle to explain atmospheric noble gases. Unexpectedly, the deep-mantle sources have a deficit in the neutron-rich ⁸⁶Kr relative to the average composition of carbonaceous meteorites, which suggests a nucleosynthetic anomaly. Although the relative depletion of neutron-rich isotopes on Earth compared with carbonaceous meteorites has been documented for a range of refractory elements^1,17,18, our observations suggest such a depletion for a volatile element. This finding indicates that accretion of volatile and refractory elements occurred simultaneously, with krypton recording concomitant accretion of non-solar volatiles from more than one type of material, possibly including outer Solar System planetesimals. (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)
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Substance Nomenclature:	0 (Isotopes) 206GF3GB41 (Helium) 3H3U766W84 (Xenon) 4VB4Y46AHD (Neon) 5I8I620HVX (Krypton) 7440-44-0 (Carbon) N762921K75 (Nitrogen) V9306CXO6G (Tungsten)
Entry Date(s):	Date Created: 20211216 Date Completed: 20220211 Latest Revision: 20261010
Update Code:	20261010
DOI:	10.1038/s41586-021-04092-z
PMID:	34912082
Βάση Δεδομένων:	MEDLINE

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Περιγραφή
ISSN:	1476-4687
DOI:	10.1038/s41586-021-04092-z