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Optimal Design of Sustainable Concrete Shells with FRP Reinforcements.

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Τίτλος: Optimal Design of Sustainable Concrete Shells with FRP Reinforcements.
Συγγραφείς: Alraie, Ali1 (AUTHOR), Leonardi, Alessandro2 (AUTHOR), Ascione, Francesco2 (AUTHOR), Matsagar, Vasant3 (AUTHOR), Spadea, Saverio1 (AUTHOR)
Πηγή: Journal of Composites for Construction. Oct2026, Vol. 30 Issue 5, p1-15. 15p.
Θεματικοί όροι: *Finite element method, Structural optimization, Structural shells, Sustainable construction, Reinforcing bars, Carbon dioxide mitigation, Concrete durability
Περίληψη: Concrete shell structures combine structural and material efficiency with architectural elegance. Despite their potential benefits, they are rarely adopted in everyday construction due to a lack of established design methods and durability concerns related to steel reinforcement corrosion, which is exacerbated by thin concrete sections. To address this challenge, this paper presents a method for optimizing the design of concrete shells reinforced with noncorrodible fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) rebars. The proposed approach comprises a package of form-finding, reinforcement design, and sustainability-based optimization within a parametric design environment. The form-finding process employs the force-density method, while the design method is intended to be adaptable across various shell types by accounting for both membrane and flexural regimes. The proposed reinforcement design algorithm is based on equilibrium conditions for the limited ultimate state of the reinforcement and cracked concrete, ensuring that sections are over-reinforced to achieve pseudoductility in FRP-reinforced concrete shells. The shell optimization procedure demonstrates efficiency, with findings indicating that optimizing geometry and material use can significantly reduce carbon emissions. A case study featuring a 15 × 15-m structural system supported by columns at the four corners demonstrates that the proposed framework enables the design of an optimized shell, reducing embodied carbon by 40% compared with a flat slab with an equivalent plan area. The study is further validated by a geometrically and mechanically nonlinear finite-element model of the designed system, which enables assessment of its behavior under sustained loads. The optimized shell meets the serviceability criteria for long-term deflection, demonstrating how combining FRP reinforcement with geometry and material optimization can enable sustainable, durable, and lightweight concrete shells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Composites for Construction is the property of American Society of Civil Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Optimal Design of Sustainable Concrete Shells with FRP Reinforcements.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Composites+for+Construction%22">Journal of Composites for Construction</searchLink>. Oct2026, Vol. 30 Issue 5, p1-15. 15p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Finite+element+method%22">Finite element method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Structural+optimization%22">Structural optimization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Structural+shells%22">Structural shells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sustainable+construction%22">Sustainable construction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reinforcing+bars%22">Reinforcing bars</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon+dioxide+mitigation%22">Carbon dioxide mitigation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Concrete+durability%22">Concrete durability</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Concrete shell structures combine structural and material efficiency with architectural elegance. Despite their potential benefits, they are rarely adopted in everyday construction due to a lack of established design methods and durability concerns related to steel reinforcement corrosion, which is exacerbated by thin concrete sections. To address this challenge, this paper presents a method for optimizing the design of concrete shells reinforced with noncorrodible fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) rebars. The proposed approach comprises a package of form-finding, reinforcement design, and sustainability-based optimization within a parametric design environment. The form-finding process employs the force-density method, while the design method is intended to be adaptable across various shell types by accounting for both membrane and flexural regimes. The proposed reinforcement design algorithm is based on equilibrium conditions for the limited ultimate state of the reinforcement and cracked concrete, ensuring that sections are over-reinforced to achieve pseudoductility in FRP-reinforced concrete shells. The shell optimization procedure demonstrates efficiency, with findings indicating that optimizing geometry and material use can significantly reduce carbon emissions. A case study featuring a 15 × 15-m structural system supported by columns at the four corners demonstrates that the proposed framework enables the design of an optimized shell, reducing embodied carbon by 40% compared with a flat slab with an equivalent plan area. The study is further validated by a geometrically and mechanically nonlinear finite-element model of the designed system, which enables assessment of its behavior under sustained loads. The optimized shell meets the serviceability criteria for long-term deflection, demonstrating how combining FRP reinforcement with geometry and material optimization can enable sustainable, durable, and lightweight concrete shells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Composites for Construction is the property of American Society of Civil Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1061/JCCOF2.CCENG-5563
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 15
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Finite element method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Structural optimization
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Structural shells
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sustainable construction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Reinforcing bars
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbon dioxide mitigation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Concrete durability
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Optimal Design of Sustainable Concrete Shells with FRP Reinforcements.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Alraie, Ali
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Leonardi, Alessandro
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            NameFull: Ascione, Francesco
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Matsagar, Vasant
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Spadea, Saverio
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 10
              Text: Oct2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 10900268
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            – Type: volume
              Value: 30
            – Type: issue
              Value: 5
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Journal of Composites for Construction
              Type: main
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