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StoneDetector : Conventional and versatile code clone detection for Java.

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Title: StoneDetector : Conventional and versatile code clone detection for Java.
Authors: Heinze, Thomas S.1 (AUTHOR) thomas.heinze@dhge.de, Schäfer, André2 (AUTHOR), Amme, Wolfram2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Systems & Software. Jun2026, Vol. 236, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subject Terms: *Computer software development, *Algorithms, Java programming language
Abstract: Copy & paste is a widespread practice when developing software and, thus, duplicated and subsequently modified code occurs frequently in software projects. Since such code clones, i.e., identical or similar fragments of code, can bloat software projects and cause issues like bug or vulnerability propagation, their identification is of importance. In this paper, we present StoneDetector and its underlying method for finding code clones in Java source and Bytecode. StoneDetector implements a conventional clone detection approach based upon the textual comparison of paths derived from the code's representation by dominator trees. In this way, the tool does not only find exact and syntactically similar near-miss code clones, but also code clones that are harder to detect due to their larger variety in the syntax. We demonstrate StoneDetector's versatility as a conventional clone detection tool and analyze its various available configuration parameters, including the usage of different string metrics, hashing algorithms, etc. In our exhaustive evaluation with other conventional clone detectors on several state-of-the-art benchmarks, we can show StoneDetector's performance and scalability in finding code clones in both, Java source and Bytecode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Systems & Software is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: StoneDetector : Conventional and versatile code clone detection for Java.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Heinze%2C+Thomas+S%2E%22">Heinze, Thomas S.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> thomas.heinze@dhge.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schäfer%2C+André%22">Schäfer, André</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Amme%2C+Wolfram%22">Amme, Wolfram</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Systems+%26+Software%22">Journal of Systems & Software</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 236, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer+software+development%22">Computer software development</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Algorithms%22">Algorithms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Java+programming+language%22">Java programming language</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Copy & paste is a widespread practice when developing software and, thus, duplicated and subsequently modified code occurs frequently in software projects. Since such code clones, i.e., identical or similar fragments of code, can bloat software projects and cause issues like bug or vulnerability propagation, their identification is of importance. In this paper, we present StoneDetector and its underlying method for finding code clones in Java source and Bytecode. StoneDetector implements a conventional clone detection approach based upon the textual comparison of paths derived from the code's representation by dominator trees. In this way, the tool does not only find exact and syntactically similar near-miss code clones, but also code clones that are harder to detect due to their larger variety in the syntax. We demonstrate StoneDetector's versatility as a conventional clone detection tool and analyze its various available configuration parameters, including the usage of different string metrics, hashing algorithms, etc. In our exhaustive evaluation with other conventional clone detectors on several state-of-the-art benchmarks, we can show StoneDetector's performance and scalability in finding code clones in both, Java source and Bytecode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Systems & Software is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1016/j.jss.2026.112799
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Algorithms
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Java programming language
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: StoneDetector : Conventional and versatile code clone detection for Java.
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            NameFull: Heinze, Thomas S.
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            NameFull: Schäfer, André
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            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 236
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