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Urease gene-containing Archaea dominate autotrophic ammonia oxidation in two acid soils.

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Τίτλος: Urease gene-containing Archaea dominate autotrophic ammonia oxidation in two acid soils.
Συγγραφείς: Lu, Lu1,2, Jia, Zhongjun1
Πηγή: Environmental Microbiology. Jun2013, Vol. 15 Issue 6, p1795-1809. 15p. 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Diagrams, 4 Graphs.
Θεματικοί όροι: *Urease genetics, *Archaebacteria, *Autotrophic bacteria, *Oxidation of ammonia, *Acid soils, *Nitrogen cycle, *Urea, *Hydrolysis
Περίληψη: The metabolic traits of ammonia-oxidizing archaea ( AOA) and bacteria ( AOB) interacting with their environment determine the nitrogen cycle at the global scale. Ureolytic metabolism has long been proposed as a mechanism for AOB to cope with substrate paucity in acid soil, but it remains unclear whether urea hydrolysis could afford AOA greater ecological advantages. By combining DNA-based stable isotope probing ( SIP) and high-throughput pyrosequencing, here we show that autotrophic ammonia oxidation in two acid soils was predominately driven by AOA that contain ureC genes encoding the alpha subunit of a putative archaeal urease. In urea-amended SIP microcosms of forest soil (pH 5.40) and tea orchard soil (pH 3.75), nitrification activity was stimulated significantly by urea fertilization when compared with water-amended soils in which nitrification resulted solely from the oxidation of ammonia generated through mineralization of soil organic nitrogen. The stimulated activity was paralleled by changes in abundance and composition of archaeal amoA genes. Time-course incubations indicated that archaeal amoA genes were increasingly labelled by 13CO2 in both microcosms amended with water and urea. Pyrosequencing revealed that archaeal populations were labelled to a much greater extent in soils amended with urea than water. Furthermore, archaeal ureC genes were successfully amplified in the 13C- DNA, and acetylene inhibition suggests that autotrophic growth of urease-containing AOA depended on energy generation through ammonia oxidation. The sequences of AOB were not detected, and active AOA were affiliated with the marine Group 1.1a-associated lineage. The results suggest that ureolytic N metabolism could afford AOA greater advantages for autotrophic ammonia oxidation in acid soil, but the mechanism of how urea activates AOA cells remains unclear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Urease gene-containing Archaea dominate autotrophic ammonia oxidation in two acid soils.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lu%2C+Lu%22">Lu, Lu</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jia%2C+Zhongjun%22">Jia, Zhongjun</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Environmental+Microbiology%22">Environmental Microbiology</searchLink>. Jun2013, Vol. 15 Issue 6, p1795-1809. 15p. 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Diagrams, 4 Graphs.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Urease+genetics%22">Urease genetics</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Archaebacteria%22">Archaebacteria</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Autotrophic+bacteria%22">Autotrophic bacteria</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Oxidation+of+ammonia%22">Oxidation of ammonia</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Acid+soils%22">Acid soils</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nitrogen+cycle%22">Nitrogen cycle</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Urea%22">Urea</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydrolysis%22">Hydrolysis</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The metabolic traits of ammonia-oxidizing archaea ( AOA) and bacteria ( AOB) interacting with their environment determine the nitrogen cycle at the global scale. Ureolytic metabolism has long been proposed as a mechanism for AOB to cope with substrate paucity in acid soil, but it remains unclear whether urea hydrolysis could afford AOA greater ecological advantages. By combining DNA-based stable isotope probing ( SIP) and high-throughput pyrosequencing, here we show that autotrophic ammonia oxidation in two acid soils was predominately driven by AOA that contain ureC genes encoding the alpha subunit of a putative archaeal urease. In urea-amended SIP microcosms of forest soil (pH 5.40) and tea orchard soil (pH 3.75), nitrification activity was stimulated significantly by urea fertilization when compared with water-amended soils in which nitrification resulted solely from the oxidation of ammonia generated through mineralization of soil organic nitrogen. The stimulated activity was paralleled by changes in abundance and composition of archaeal amoA genes. Time-course incubations indicated that archaeal amoA genes were increasingly labelled by 13CO2 in both microcosms amended with water and urea. Pyrosequencing revealed that archaeal populations were labelled to a much greater extent in soils amended with urea than water. Furthermore, archaeal ureC genes were successfully amplified in the 13C- DNA, and acetylene inhibition suggests that autotrophic growth of urease-containing AOA depended on energy generation through ammonia oxidation. The sequences of AOB were not detected, and active AOA were affiliated with the marine Group 1.1a-associated lineage. The results suggest that ureolytic N metabolism could afford AOA greater advantages for autotrophic ammonia oxidation in acid soil, but the mechanism of how urea activates AOA cells remains unclear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/1462-2920.12071
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 15
        StartPage: 1795
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Urease genetics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Archaebacteria
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Autotrophic bacteria
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Oxidation of ammonia
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Acid soils
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nitrogen cycle
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Urea
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hydrolysis
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Urease gene-containing Archaea dominate autotrophic ammonia oxidation in two acid soils.
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Lu, Lu
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Jia, Zhongjun
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2013
              Type: published
              Y: 2013
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 14622912
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            – Type: volume
              Value: 15
            – Type: issue
              Value: 6
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Environmental Microbiology
              Type: main
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