Academic Journal

Substorm Effects on Chorus Emissions Modulated by ULF Waves.

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Τίτλος: Substorm Effects on Chorus Emissions Modulated by ULF Waves.
Συγγραφείς: Li, Xing‐Yu1 (AUTHOR), Zong, Qiu‐Gang2,3 (AUTHOR) qgzong@pku.edu.cn, Wang, Shan2 (AUTHOR), Zhou, Xu‐Zhi2 (AUTHOR), Yue, Chao2 (AUTHOR), Rankin, Robert4 (AUTHOR), Li, Li5 (AUTHOR), Wang, Yong‐Fu2 (AUTHOR), Sun, Yi‐Xin2 (AUTHOR), Shen, Hua‐Yun1 (AUTHOR), He, Bin1 (AUTHOR), Wu, Yong1 (AUTHOR)
Πηγή: Geophysical Research Letters. 9/16/2026, Vol. 53 Issue 17, p1-11. 11p.
Θεματικοί όροι: *Magnetosphere, *Auroras, *Magnetic storms, *Plasma physics
Περίληψη: Although cross‐scale wave‐particle interactions play a critical role in energy transfer in the magnetosphere, the influence of geomagnetic activity on the physical mechanisms involved remains unclear. In this study, we investigate this question by analyzing Van Allen Probes‐A observations of an event occurring on 25 July 2016. Ultra‐low frequency (ULF) waves, chorus waves, and enhancements of electron fluxes with substorm‐induced energy‐dispersive characteristics were detected simultaneously during this event. Cross‐wavelet analysis suggests that the chorus intensity is modulated by ULF waves. The frequency of chorus elements decreases concurrently with substorm injections. We perform linear instability analysis to interpret the frequency drop. It is found that substorm‐injected electrons with energies of tens to ∼200 keV have reduced perpendicular anisotropy, thereby changing the energy range responsible for chorus growth and modifying the generation frequency. Our results enhance knowledge of cross‐scale wave‐particle interactions and their roles in auroral evolution during substorm processes. Plain Language Summary: The interaction between waves and charged particles plays a key role in controlling how energy flows in geospace. In this study, we examine how geomagnetic substorms affect these interactions. Based on spacecraft observations and theoretical analysis, we propose that when substorms inject particles into geospace, they change the properties of particles where the interactions happen, which in turn affects the frequency of generated high‐frequency waves. These findings help us better understand the physics of wave‐particle interactions and the evolution of auroras during substorms. Key Points: Chorus excitation modulated by ULF waves was observed alongside substorm injectionsA drop in the central frequency of chorus elements occurs simultaneously with the injectionSubstorm‐injected electrons with reduced temperature anisotropy cause the downshift of the chorus frequency [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: Substorm Effects on Chorus Emissions Modulated by ULF Waves.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Geophysical+Research+Letters%22">Geophysical Research Letters</searchLink>. 9/16/2026, Vol. 53 Issue 17, p1-11. 11p.
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Although cross‐scale wave‐particle interactions play a critical role in energy transfer in the magnetosphere, the influence of geomagnetic activity on the physical mechanisms involved remains unclear. In this study, we investigate this question by analyzing Van Allen Probes‐A observations of an event occurring on 25 July 2016. Ultra‐low frequency (ULF) waves, chorus waves, and enhancements of electron fluxes with substorm‐induced energy‐dispersive characteristics were detected simultaneously during this event. Cross‐wavelet analysis suggests that the chorus intensity is modulated by ULF waves. The frequency of chorus elements decreases concurrently with substorm injections. We perform linear instability analysis to interpret the frequency drop. It is found that substorm‐injected electrons with energies of tens to ∼200 keV have reduced perpendicular anisotropy, thereby changing the energy range responsible for chorus growth and modifying the generation frequency. Our results enhance knowledge of cross‐scale wave‐particle interactions and their roles in auroral evolution during substorm processes. Plain Language Summary: The interaction between waves and charged particles plays a key role in controlling how energy flows in geospace. In this study, we examine how geomagnetic substorms affect these interactions. Based on spacecraft observations and theoretical analysis, we propose that when substorms inject particles into geospace, they change the properties of particles where the interactions happen, which in turn affects the frequency of generated high‐frequency waves. These findings help us better understand the physics of wave‐particle interactions and the evolution of auroras during substorms. Key Points: Chorus excitation modulated by ULF waves was observed alongside substorm injectionsA drop in the central frequency of chorus elements occurs simultaneously with the injectionSubstorm‐injected electrons with reduced temperature anisotropy cause the downshift of the chorus frequency [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1029/2025GL120776
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        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 11
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Magnetosphere
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Auroras
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Magnetic storms
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      – SubjectFull: Plasma physics
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      – TitleFull: Substorm Effects on Chorus Emissions Modulated by ULF Waves.
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              Text: 9/16/2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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