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Distribution models of polysphinctine parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) reveal sampling bias and flag potentially overlooked host interactions.

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Title: Distribution models of polysphinctine parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) reveal sampling bias and flag potentially overlooked host interactions.
Authors: Xavier, Gabriel M.1 (AUTHOR) xavier.gabrielmaximo@ufu.br, Penteado‐Dias, Angélica M.2 (AUTHOR), Moura, Rafael R.3 (AUTHOR), Gonzaga, Marcelo O.4 (AUTHOR)
Source: Insect Conservation & Diversity. Sep2026, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p980-1001. 22p.
Subject Terms: *Host-parasite relationships, *Sampling errors, *Ecological niche, *Biogeography, *Parasitic wasps
Abstract: The parasitoid wasps of the Polysphincta genus‐group are often assumed to be highly specialised, as most of their known interactions involve monospecific host spiders.The potential specialisation in hosts may reflect a lack of information on their interactions and geographic sampling biases.Using distribution models of parasitoids (from Acrotaphus, Hymenoepimecis and Polysphincta genera) and their known hosts based on bioclimatic and altimetric variables, we assessed how underestimated these parasitoid interactions may be, where the main geographic sampling gaps are and which species have the most limited data.According to our results, some parasitoid species seem to, indeed, exploit a narrow range of host species.We identified parasitoid species that likely have additional hosts and highlighted the main geographic sampling gaps.This study provides the basis for understanding the relationship between the geographical distribution of parasitoids and the number of their hosts, as well as a guide for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: Distribution models of polysphinctine parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) reveal sampling bias and flag potentially overlooked host interactions.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xavier%2C+Gabriel+M%2E%22">Xavier, Gabriel M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> xavier.gabrielmaximo@ufu.br</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Penteado‐Dias%2C+Angélica+M%2E%22">Penteado‐Dias, Angélica M.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Moura%2C+Rafael+R%2E%22">Moura, Rafael R.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gonzaga%2C+Marcelo+O%2E%22">Gonzaga, Marcelo O.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Insect+Conservation+%26+Diversity%22">Insect Conservation & Diversity</searchLink>. Sep2026, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p980-1001. 22p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Host-parasite+relationships%22">Host-parasite relationships</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sampling+errors%22">Sampling errors</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ecological+niche%22">Ecological niche</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biogeography%22">Biogeography</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Parasitic+wasps%22">Parasitic wasps</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: The parasitoid wasps of the Polysphincta genus‐group are often assumed to be highly specialised, as most of their known interactions involve monospecific host spiders.The potential specialisation in hosts may reflect a lack of information on their interactions and geographic sampling biases.Using distribution models of parasitoids (from Acrotaphus, Hymenoepimecis and Polysphincta genera) and their known hosts based on bioclimatic and altimetric variables, we assessed how underestimated these parasitoid interactions may be, where the main geographic sampling gaps are and which species have the most limited data.According to our results, some parasitoid species seem to, indeed, exploit a narrow range of host species.We identified parasitoid species that likely have additional hosts and highlighted the main geographic sampling gaps.This study provides the basis for understanding the relationship between the geographical distribution of parasitoids and the number of their hosts, as well as a guide for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/icad.70077
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 22
        StartPage: 980
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      – SubjectFull: Host-parasite relationships
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sampling errors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ecological niche
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Biogeography
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Parasitic wasps
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Distribution models of polysphinctine parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) reveal sampling bias and flag potentially overlooked host interactions.
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Xavier, Gabriel M.
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            NameFull: Penteado‐Dias, Angélica M.
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            NameFull: Moura, Rafael R.
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            NameFull: Gonzaga, Marcelo O.
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            – D: 01
              M: 09
              Text: Sep2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 19
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              Value: 5
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            – TitleFull: Insect Conservation & Diversity
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