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Factor Analysis of Auditory Processing Measures in School-Age Children: Evidence for a Four-Factor Structure.

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Τίτλος: Factor Analysis of Auditory Processing Measures in School-Age Children: Evidence for a Four-Factor Structure.
Συγγραφείς: Shaikh, Mohsin Ahmed1 mshaikh@commonwealthu.edu, Barrett, Jenna1, Ruiz-Velasco, Leah1, Pinchasov, Yuval1
Πηγή: American Journal of Audiology. Sep2026, Vol. 35 Issue 3, p1150-1163. 14p.
Θεματικοί όροι: *Cross-sectional method, *Auditory perception testing, *Dichotic listening tests, *Data analysis, *Retrospective studies, *Descriptive statistics, *Chi-squared test, *Multivariate analysis, *Medical records, *Acquisition of data, *Statistics, *Research, *Research methodology, *Auditory perception, *Speech perception, *Space perception, *Factor analysis, *Clinics, *Data analysis software, *Time, *Reliability (Personality trait), *Children, Research evaluation
Γεωγραφικοί όροι: Pennsylvania
Περίληψη: Purpose: Traditional auditory processing (AP) test batteries rarely include validated measures of spatial speech segregation, despite clinical guidelines demonstrating the importance of spatial hearing. This study aimed to explore the factor structure of nine AP tests in school-age children, hypothesizing a multifactor model that includes degraded speech processing, dichotic listening, temporal processing, and spatial processing, using both traditional tests and the Listening in Spatialized Noise--Sentences (LiSN-S) test. Method: A retrospective, cross-sectional study examined clinical AP measures through factor analysis. The sample included 68 children (24 girls, 44 boys), 8.0--10.67 years of age, referred for AP evaluation from 2012 to 2025. All had normal hearing (thresholds ≤ 20 dB HL), normal middle ear function, no neurological or psychological conditions, English spoken as primary language, and typical cognitive functioning. The sample size met guidelines with a 7.6:1 participant-to-variable rat io. Results: A four-factor solution accounting for 68.7% of the variance was identified: (1) dichotic processing (27.81%; Competing Sentences = 0.98, Competing Words--Free Recall = 0.76), (2) degraded speech processing (15.48%; Auditory Figure Ground = 0.88, Time Compressed Sentences = 0.51, Phonemic Synthesis = 0.47), (3) spatial processing (13.62%; LiSN-S spatial advantage = 0.69, high cue = -0.42), and (4) temporal processing (11.82%; Frequency Pattern Test = 0.73). Intercorrelations were moderate (r = .08-.45), and internal consistency ranged from α = .64 to Spearman--Brown coefficient = .80 for multi-item fac tors. Conclusion: A multidimensional model of AP was supported, emphasizing the need for including spatial processing measures in routine AP assessment batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: Factor Analysis of Auditory Processing Measures in School-Age Children: Evidence for a Four-Factor Structure.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shaikh%2C+Mohsin+Ahmed%22">Shaikh, Mohsin Ahmed</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> mshaikh@commonwealthu.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Barrett%2C+Jenna%22">Barrett, Jenna</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ruiz-Velasco%2C+Leah%22">Ruiz-Velasco, Leah</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pinchasov%2C+Yuval%22">Pinchasov, Yuval</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22American+Journal+of+Audiology%22">American Journal of Audiology</searchLink>. Sep2026, Vol. 35 Issue 3, p1150-1163. 14p.
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  Data: Purpose: Traditional auditory processing (AP) test batteries rarely include validated measures of spatial speech segregation, despite clinical guidelines demonstrating the importance of spatial hearing. This study aimed to explore the factor structure of nine AP tests in school-age children, hypothesizing a multifactor model that includes degraded speech processing, dichotic listening, temporal processing, and spatial processing, using both traditional tests and the Listening in Spatialized Noise--Sentences (LiSN-S) test. Method: A retrospective, cross-sectional study examined clinical AP measures through factor analysis. The sample included 68 children (24 girls, 44 boys), 8.0--10.67 years of age, referred for AP evaluation from 2012 to 2025. All had normal hearing (thresholds ≤ 20 dB HL), normal middle ear function, no neurological or psychological conditions, English spoken as primary language, and typical cognitive functioning. The sample size met guidelines with a 7.6:1 participant-to-variable rat io. Results: A four-factor solution accounting for 68.7% of the variance was identified: (1) dichotic processing (27.81%; Competing Sentences = 0.98, Competing Words--Free Recall = 0.76), (2) degraded speech processing (15.48%; Auditory Figure Ground = 0.88, Time Compressed Sentences = 0.51, Phonemic Synthesis = 0.47), (3) spatial processing (13.62%; LiSN-S spatial advantage = 0.69, high cue = -0.42), and (4) temporal processing (11.82%; Frequency Pattern Test = 0.73). Intercorrelations were moderate (r = .08-.45), and internal consistency ranged from α = .64 to Spearman--Brown coefficient = .80 for multi-item fac tors. Conclusion: A multidimensional model of AP was supported, emphasizing the need for including spatial processing measures in routine AP assessment batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1044/2026_AJA-25-00218
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Cross-sectional method
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      – SubjectFull: Auditory perception testing
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      – SubjectFull: Dichotic listening tests
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      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
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      – SubjectFull: Chi-squared test
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      – SubjectFull: Auditory perception
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      – TitleFull: Factor Analysis of Auditory Processing Measures in School-Age Children: Evidence for a Four-Factor Structure.
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              M: 09
              Text: Sep2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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