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Bow shock currents and closure at Mars: hybrid simulations of an induced magnetosphere.

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Τίτλος: Bow shock currents and closure at Mars: hybrid simulations of an induced magnetosphere.
Συγγραφείς: Holmstrom, Mats1 (AUTHOR) matsh@irf.se, Wang, Xiao-Dong1 (AUTHOR), Ramstad, Robin2 (AUTHOR), Andrews, David3 (AUTHOR), Du, Hengle4 (AUTHOR)
Πηγή: Advances in Space Research. Oct2026, Vol. 78 Issue 7, p7620-7628. 9p.
Θεματικοί όροι: *Electric currents, *Magnetosphere, *Electric fields, *Mars (Planet), *Plasma currents
Περίληψη: We investigate the global electric current systems of Mars, a non-magnetized planet with an induced magnetosphere, using a hybrid plasma model. We find that the bow shock currents are primarily confined to planes perpendicular to the interplanetary magnetic field. These currents flow along the bow shock in a direction opposite to the solar wind convective electric field. Regarding current closure, the simulations reveal a system where the bow shock currents close partially through the magnetosheath into the ionosphere. However, a significant portion of the bow shock and magnetotail currents do not close near the planet; instead, they level off and close at far distances, a pattern previously observed in lunar wake current systems. This topology aligns with multi-spacecraft observations at Earth and recent magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) studies of Mars, though it differs from some earlier interpretations of MAVEN data. Additional features identified include: Ionospheric currents that flow along meridians in the direction of the solar wind convective electric field. An ion plume current directed along the convective electric field. Tail currents consisting of two loops enclosing a central current sheet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: Bow shock currents and closure at Mars: hybrid simulations of an induced magnetosphere.
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: We investigate the global electric current systems of Mars, a non-magnetized planet with an induced magnetosphere, using a hybrid plasma model. We find that the bow shock currents are primarily confined to planes perpendicular to the interplanetary magnetic field. These currents flow along the bow shock in a direction opposite to the solar wind convective electric field. Regarding current closure, the simulations reveal a system where the bow shock currents close partially through the magnetosheath into the ionosphere. However, a significant portion of the bow shock and magnetotail currents do not close near the planet; instead, they level off and close at far distances, a pattern previously observed in lunar wake current systems. This topology aligns with multi-spacecraft observations at Earth and recent magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) studies of Mars, though it differs from some earlier interpretations of MAVEN data. Additional features identified include: Ionospheric currents that flow along meridians in the direction of the solar wind convective electric field. An ion plume current directed along the convective electric field. Tail currents consisting of two loops enclosing a central current sheet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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        Value: 10.1016/j.asr.2026.07.093
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 7620
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      – SubjectFull: Electric currents
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Magnetosphere
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electric fields
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mars (Planet)
        Type: general
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              M: 10
              Text: Oct2026
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              Y: 2026
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