Classification of Malaysian individuals using Fordisc 3 based on four craniofacial measurements.

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Τίτλος:	Classification of Malaysian individuals using Fordisc 3 based on four craniofacial measurements.
Συγγραφείς:	Hisham, Salina¹ (AUTHOR) salinahisham@gmail.com, Ibrahim, Mohamad Azaini² (AUTHOR)
Πηγή:	Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences. Jun2025, Vol. 57 Issue 3, p294-301. 8p.
Θεματικοί όροι:	Subroutines (Computer programs), Forensic anthropology, Autopsy, Banking industry, *Databases
Γεωγραφικοί όροι:	Malaysia
Περίληψη:	Fordisc is a discriminant function computer program used to study ancestry, although it lacks representation from a Malaysian sample. Our aim was to evaluate ancestry estimates of Fordisc 3 with Malaysian crania of known sex and ethnicity. A dataset from Hisham and Ibrahim of 300 individuals was included in this study. They had undergone full-body computed tomographic scanning prior to post-mortem examination with scan resolutions of 1.0 mm. Maximum cranial length, maximum cranial breadth, nasal height, nasal breadth, and midorbital width were obtained from these images. Measurements were fed into the Fordisc 3 program and were analysed using the Forensic Anthropology Data Bank (FDB) and Howells' reference populations according to sex, however midorbital width was excluded in all analyses. Ancestry assessment was evaluated on the basis of percentage of correctly classified individuals. Based on Howells database, 50.67% of the sample are correctly classified into Asian, in contrast to only 32.33% according to FDB. These classification trends are limited by the number of measurements, reference populations available in Fordisc and population history of the sample itself. We need to collect standard anthropological measurements in future research and potentially contribute to the database in Fordisc to improve its performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Items	– Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Classification of Malaysian individuals using Fordisc 3 based on four craniofacial measurements. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hisham%2C+Salina%22">Hisham, Salina</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> salinahisham@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ibrahim%2C+Mohamad+Azaini%22">Ibrahim, Mohamad Azaini</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Australian+Journal+of+Forensic+Sciences%22">Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences</searchLink>. Jun2025, Vol. 57 Issue 3, p294-301. 8p. – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Subroutines+%28Computer+programs%29%22">Subroutines (Computer programs)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Forensic+anthropology%22">Forensic anthropology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Autopsy%22">Autopsy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Banking+industry%22">Banking industry</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Databases%22">Databases</searchLink> – Name: SubjectGeographic Label: Geographic Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Malaysia%22">Malaysia</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Fordisc is a discriminant function computer program used to study ancestry, although it lacks representation from a Malaysian sample. Our aim was to evaluate ancestry estimates of Fordisc 3 with Malaysian crania of known sex and ethnicity. A dataset from Hisham and Ibrahim of 300 individuals was included in this study. They had undergone full-body computed tomographic scanning prior to post-mortem examination with scan resolutions of 1.0 mm. Maximum cranial length, maximum cranial breadth, nasal height, nasal breadth, and midorbital width were obtained from these images. Measurements were fed into the Fordisc 3 program and were analysed using the Forensic Anthropology Data Bank (FDB) and Howells' reference populations according to sex, however midorbital width was excluded in all analyses. Ancestry assessment was evaluated on the basis of percentage of correctly classified individuals. Based on Howells database, 50.67% of the sample are correctly classified into Asian, in contrast to only 32.33% according to FDB. These classification trends are limited by the number of measurements, reference populations available in Fordisc and population history of the sample itself. We need to collect standard anthropological measurements in future research and potentially contribute to the database in Fordisc to improve its performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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RecordInfo	BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1080/00450618.2024.2331527 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 8 StartPage: 294 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Malaysia Type: general – SubjectFull: Subroutines (Computer programs) Type: general – SubjectFull: Forensic anthropology Type: general – SubjectFull: Autopsy Type: general – SubjectFull: Banking industry Type: general – SubjectFull: Databases Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Classification of Malaysian individuals using Fordisc 3 based on four craniofacial measurements. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hisham, Salina – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ibrahim, Mohamad Azaini IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 06 Text: Jun2025 Type: published Y: 2025 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00450618 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 57 – Type: issue Value: 3 Titles: – TitleFull: Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences Type: main
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